Positionnement dans le cursus
Semestre 5
TC
TC
TC
LV
TC
TC
TC
 
 
P - Intro
Stage
Intersemestre
Semestre 6
TC
TC
TB 1
LV
O 1
 
TC
TC
TB 2
 
O 2
 
P - Citoyen
Semestre 7
M 1
M 1
TB 3
TC
LV
M 1
M 1
TB 3
TC
O 4
O 3
 
P - Tech
Intersemestre
Semestre 9
M 2
M 2
D
LV 2/3
O 6
M 2
M 2
D
 
0 3
 
P - industriel
Intersemestre

Course unit

Fluid Mechanics and Transfers

Last updated: 22/02/2024

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Course Director(s):

LAVALLE Gianluca

General Description:

Knowledge of fluid mechanics and transfers is useful in many fields:

  • Processes: turbo-machines (turbine, pump, compressor), heat exchangers, steam generators, turbulent combustion, industrial crystallization
  • Energy: exploration-production (gas, shale gas, oil), gas storage, wind, wave,
  • Transport: land (cars, trucks, trains), maritime (ships, submarines), aeronautics (UAVs, aircraft), aerospace (rockets, missiles)
  • Health: blood flow, micro-fluidic, lab-on-chip
  • Environment: pollution (atmospheric, maritime, river, subsoil), meteorology, accidents (landslides, tsunami), hydrogeology

This course provides students with the basics of fluid and transfer mechanics. They make it possible to characterize, understand and predict fluid flows in different systems and to propose new designs more adapted. More specifically, this course presents the following concepts, as well as the methodologies to put them into practice:

  • Kinematics: Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches, partial and particulate derivatives, decomposition of the velocity field (translation, expansion, shear, rotation), stress tensor, pressure. This part describes a flow.
  • Local balances: general form of a balance (accumulation, flux, source), canonical expressions of mass balances (continuity equation),momentum and energy (total, mechanical, enthalpy,...), boundary conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, Robin), Green-Ostrogradsky theorem. This part allows to calculate a local field of velocity, pressure, temperature, concentration.
  • Macroscopic balances: control volumes (material, imaginary), Reynolds transport theorem, general expressions of mass balances, quantity of movement, momentum, energy (total, mechanical). This part allows to calculate flow rates, forces, heat fluxes on finite size systems.
  • Dimensional analysis: Vaschy-Buckingham similarity and theorem, technique for generating dimensionless numbers, classical correlations in fluid mechanics. This part allows to identify the predominant phenomena, to simplify equations or to benefit from the experiments carried out on models.
  • Fluids constituting laws and flow regimes : thermodynamic equation of state, rheological behaviour (Newtonian, shear-thinning,...), flow regime (sub/supersonic, laminar/turbulent, compressible/incompressible), classical approximations of local balances: Navier-Stokes equation and its approximations (notably viscous fluids and perfect fluids), Euler and Bernoulli theorems, heat equation. This part allows to identify the simplest equations describing the behavior of a given real fluid.
  • Toolbox: tensor calculation, mathematical reminders, problem solving methodology, local balance sheet form in different coordinate systems,...

Key words:

Kinematics Local and macroscopic balances Dimensional analysis Navier-Stokes and its approximations

Number of teaching hours

21

Fields of study

Energetics Mechanical Engineering Chemistry, Process Engineering Earth Sciences

Teaching language

French

Intended learning outcomes

On completion of the unit, the student will be capable of: Classification level Priority
Identifying the flow regime (laminar/turbulent) and choosing appropriate equations 2. Understand null
Calculating head loss in different flow conditions in pipes 3. Apply
Sizing a structure or a propulsion device from force readings 3. Apply
Using the principle of similitude to design models and extrapolate the results 3. Apply

Learning assessment methods

Percentage ratio of individual assessment Percentage ratio of group assessment
Written exam: 65 % Project submission: %
Individual oral exam: % Group presentation: %
Individual presentation: % Group practical exercise: %
Individual practical exercise: % Group report: %
Individual report: 35 %
Other(s): %

Programme and content

Type of teaching activity Content, sequencing and organisation
Course

The course presents new notions by focusing on the qualitative aspects of phenomena or equations. This allows the development of the “physics dimension”, the overview and the intuition which characterise the engineer.

The course is completed by a duplication which emphasises the rigour of scientific methods and logical reasoning.

The promotion is divided into three groups of about 45 students, according to the courses followed in preparatory classes. The lessons (content and form) will therefore be adapted according to the entry level.
The final exam lasts 1h30. It is individual. The calculator and handout are the only documents allowed (no TD statements/corrections or connected objects).
Supervised studies

The supervised study sessions provide the opportunities for applying the notions presented in class. They are the moment for exchanges and discussions with the teachers.

The supervised study sessions represent approx. 50% of the total unit teaching hours. They are preceded by individual work and lead to the production of a report. Each report will be assessed on an ABCDE basis.

This is facilitated by the small number of students (about twenty per room) and the work in small groups of 4 students. 
Each tutorial session gives rise to the drafting of a report by group.
Presentations and laboratory visit

The Ecole des Mines Saint-Etienne is a place of training but also of research and development, at the service of industrialists who wish to bring innovation in their production tools.

After a presentation of some research activities conducted at the EMSE and related to fluid mechanics, students will visit in small groups some laboratories of the SPIN center and get acquainted with Process Engineering.