This teaching unit is dedicated to architectured materials, whether of synthetic or natural origin. The term architectured materials designates materials presenting an intelligently defined morphology, at a given scale or multi-scaled.
Among synthetic materials, polymer matrix composites demonstrate the different concepts of developed architectures, such as inter-penetrated materials, gradient materials or anisotropic materials. The development of specific processes and especially additive manufacturing processes offer the possibility to produce architectured materials on different scales, running from a few dozen micrometres to several dozen centimetres, enabling the possible industrial use of such materials, in particular in the industrial sectors of transport, energy and bio-medical production.
Among natural materials, wood or bone are archetypal examples of architectured materials. Synthetic materials can be inspired from natural materials: this is the challenge of bio-inspiration in the materials sector. It involves leaving behind a logic of a linear economy, intensive in energy and resource requirements, relying on rare raw materials and difficult to extract and refine. Take wood for example, which, if it is a product of responsible forest management, is sustainable, renewable, plentiful and available locally. It has the faculty of trapping carbon which it absorbs during its growth. In contrast to received ideas, wood is classified among materials offering the strongest resistance to rupture with a very low density, in the manner of high technicity polymer materials such as Kevlar or fibre composites.
| On completion of the unit, the student will be capable of: | Classification level | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| Knowing the main families of polymer materials | 1. Knowledge | null |
| Binding physico-chemical, functional and mechanical properties of architectured, natural and synthetic materials | 2. Understand | |
| Understanding properties of composites | 2. Understand | |
| Understanding the environmental and health issues linked to the use of polymer and composite materials | 2. Understand | |
| Analysing the bio-inspired development approach to materials | 2. Understand | |
| Selecting materials adapted to use purposes | 3. Apply |
| Percentage ratio of individual assessment | Percentage ratio of group assessment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Written exam: | % | Project submission: | 0 | % | |
| Individual oral exam: | 0 | % | Group presentation: | 0 | % |
| Individual presentation: | 0 | % | Group practical exercise: | 0 | % |
| Individual practical exercise: | 0 | % | Group report: | 0 | % |
| Individual report: | 0 | % | |||
| Other(s): 0 % | |||||
| Type of teaching activity | Content, sequencing and organisation |
|---|